Ponnrajakumari M, Vimala Devi K, and Tapas Bapu B R. A Novel Secure and Reliable Clustering Protocol for Cognitive Radio Network using Fuzzy Clustering and Mathematical Fibonacci Series Based Golden Ratio Optimization. Dynamic Systems and Applications 30 (2021) No.6, 1042-1060

https://doi.org/10.46719/dsa202130610

ABSTRACT.    
Cognitive radio (CR) is one of the promising and enabling technologies that allow dynamic spectrum access to increase the spectrum utilization for enhanced network performance. Clustering, network topology management technique, grouping the nodes logically based on common channels to achieve scalability and stability. However, clustering is susceptible to third party attacks by malicious SUs that create a random and intelligent attack by false information’s.  The security has become the main issue in CR networks to guarantee a reliable spectrum sensing and fair resource management. In this work propose a new clustering algorithm by considering both stability and security issues. For cluster head selection, the golden ratio optimization method (GROM) is used with the fitness function considering the parameters of the number of free channels, node degree, energy and reliability degree. The GROM  is motivated  by the golden ratio of animal and plant growth  which is framed by the mathematical Fibonacci series using mathematical and geometric relationships. Finally, fuzzy clustering applied to group the node to suitable cluster heads. The experimental results show the effectiveness of proposed clustering performance in terms of clustering efficiency and attacker free cluster formations by the proposed clustering method, compared with other related work.